The Effectiveness of Flashcards in Primary School English Teaching文献综述

 2022-08-29 11:08

The Application of Flashcards in Primary School English Teaching

1 Flashcards

The term “flashcards” is a very heated term in the 20th century. However, in china, it is not that known to people as that in the west, even in the educational experts. Some people may not be aware about it. There are some corresponding terms in china, like “word card” or “vocabulary card”. They are used in classroom teaching circumstances. It is a useful teaching tool in primary school English teaching. There are many research attempts in discovering which one is the most effective flashcard in classroom teaching. To one disappointment, there is little discussion about the types of flashcards. This chapter will dig out relevant researches about flashcards and flashcards drills in primary school teaching.

1.1 Definition

A flashcards or flash card is a set of cards sharing different information like a word or number on either or both sides, which is applied in classroom drills and academic studies. Teachers write down a question on one side of the flashcard and the answer overleaf. Vocabularies, historical dates, formulas or any other information can be on a flashcard. Some researchers pointed out that flashcards can be used to promote learning efficiency like strengthening memories (Suziah Sulaiman et al., 2010). For the most time, flashcards are those which have vocabulary on them, helping teachers to teach new words.

1.2 Types of Flashcards

Flashcards are very common in primary school teaching activities. There are various types of flashcards. Different teacher might use different flashcards to help her or his teaching activities. However, according to Anthony L. Palombella amp; Dana P. Johnson (2012), there is one common formula: on the one side of the flashcard is the information for students to memorize, and the other side is the corresponding answer. For a long time, the flashcards are those in paper material. With the development of economy and technology, there more new and high-tech flashcards like hypermedia flashcards.

1.2.1 Traditional Flashcards

The conventional way of working with flashcards is using cards; for example, index cards or those designed as flashcards where you write a question on one side and the answer on the other. Once you have done this for a number of cards you then use them to test your memory of the words and their meaning. You can either answer the question according to the flashcard or raise a question with the help of the answers. Teachers might increase the difficulty of the flashcards information or speed up the rate of the appearance of flashcards. In such circumstances, the easy flashcards are quickly to memorize by students and the more difficult ones are more challenging to them. The latter one will also cost more energy and time for students to digest. This idea is firstly proposed by Leitner in 1972 (Mubarak et al, 2008). This theory proposed that the recalling of relevant information through flashcards can help students not overlook in a short time (David Bryson, 2012).

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