印染废水处理技术研究进展
摘要：印染废水由于在加工过程中会使用大量不同的化工原料和添加剂使得水质复杂。各种杂质多，污水的化学需氧量占比高，废水的PH变化大，这让印染废水变得难以处理，很多印染废水处理达不到排放标准，因而对环境和水体产生极大危害。因此印染废水的处理不能等同生活污水的处理，应当采用更加精细的工艺去除不同类型的废水。对于水质较为复杂的废水进行分步处理，逐步降低污染物浓度。本文主要先从印染工业中复杂的助剂来解释印染废水为何难以处理。再介绍现在印染废水的常用工艺和发展中的工艺。
Technology of printing and dyeing wastewater treatment
Abstract: printing and dyeing wastewater has complex water quality due to the use of a large number of different chemical raw materials and additives in the processing process. There are many impurities, the proportion of chemical oxygen demand is high, and the pH of wastewater changes greatly, which makes it difficult to treat printing and dyeing wastewater. Many printing and dyeing wastewater can not meet the discharge standard, so it has great harm to the environment and water body. Therefore, the treatment of printing and dyeing wastewater can not be the same as the treatment of domestic sewage, we should use more fine process to remove different types of wastewater. The wastewater with complex water quality is treated step by step to gradually reduce the concentration of pollutants. In this paper, the complex auxiliaries in printing and dyeing industry are used to explain why it is difficult to treat printing and dyeing wastewater. Then the common processes and developing processes of printing and dyeing wastewater are introduced.
关键词：印染废水；助剂；处理工艺
引言
我国纺织业非常发达，每年生产大量的纺织产品，与此同时产生大量印染废水每年要处理2.2*10^9吨废水，其中印染废水要占到总废水的60%~80%[1.2.3.4.5]。针对印染废水水质复杂，色度高，PH高，应当对不同种类的印染废水采用适合的方法有目的性地处理。
- 印染废水污染物概况
印染废水中的污染物种类，浓度与加工原料，染料助剂，加工方式有关。各类不同染料和助剂使污水所带污染物如下：
直接染料所用助剂为：Na2C03、NaCl、Na2S04、表面活性剂；
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