木板缺陷图像特征研究文献综述

 2021-12-10 10:12

摘要:

木板表面缺陷的存在降低木板使用率,传统的人工检测法不可避免地存在主观人为因素影响,因而寻求具备智能化、自动化、非接触特点的木板表面缺陷检测分析方法成为木材加工行业长期探索的一大课题。目前,国外对于木板表面缺陷的研究已经达到较高的水平,通过对缺陷进行研究进而提出了一些通过提取缺陷特征而进行木板表面缺陷识别的理论及方法。国内相关研究由于起步较晚,相关研究仍落后于国外,但近年来发展迅速。但目前许多进行的研究大多处于理论阶段,尚未投入使用,其原因在于成本较高,方法较为繁杂。为改善这些原因,本文希望借助matlab2016软件对木板表面缺陷进行研究,应用一些在金属加工领域已较为成熟的技术及理论对木板缺陷图像进行处理而得到表面缺陷的一些特征,进而为后续的木板表面缺陷自动化识别打下基础。

关键字:木板缺陷;图像处理;图像分割;缺陷特征研究;

Abstract:

he existence of surface defects on wooden boards reduces the use rate of wood boards. Traditional manual detection methods inevitably have subjective human factors. Therefore, the detection and analysis method of wood surface defects with intelligent, automatic and non-contact characteristics has become a long-term exploration of wood processing industry. Big topic. At present, foreign research on the surface defects of wood boards has reached a high level. By studying the defects, some theories and methods for identifying surface defects of wood boards by extracting defect features are proposed. Due to the late start of relevant domestic research, related research still lags behind foreign countries, but it has developed rapidly in recent years. However, many of the research conducted at present are mostly in the theoretical stage and have not yet been put into use, because the cost is high and the method is complicated. In order to improve these reasons, this paper hopes to use the matlab2016 software to study the surface defects of wood boards, and apply some techniques and theories that have been matured in the field of metal processing to process the defects of the board to obtain some features of surface defects, and then to follow the surface of the board. The basis for automatic identification of defects is laid.

Key words:Wood Defects;Image Processing;Image Segmentation;Defect feature study

  1. 木板表面缺陷

木材缺陷是指降低木材商品价值和使用价值的各种特征的总称,是降低木材商品价格的非正常和不规则部分,是木材适用于某种特殊用途时的质量缺陷,它们会降低木材强度,影响加工和装饰质量及外观[1]。我国国家标准有关木材缺陷的定义是:凡呈现在木材上能降低其质量、影响其使用的各种缺点均为木材缺陷,国家标准将木材的缺陷共分为10大类:节子、变色、腐朽、虫害、裂纹、树干形状缺陷、木材构造缺陷、伤疤、木材加工缺陷和变形。板材的缺陷主要包括节子、腐朽、裂纹和夹皮、虫害和加工缺陷[2]

  1. 木材表面缺陷图像特征的研究

2.1传统木材表面缺陷的研究

对板材缺陷进行检测的方法很多,传统的检测大多是用人工的方法,凭借经验,根据板材的颜色、纹理、色泽、板材的构造特性等来评价板材, 但肉眼识别有一定的局限性,尤其是板材表面有多种缺陷。缺陷的尺寸和形状变化很大,人工分类比较困难。所以这种检测方法已不能满足木材生产中快速检测和持续检测的需要[3]。同时,由于木材生产过程中的重复性和单一性的特点,用人工检测也存在着严重影响检测效果的因素,如生产过程中由于检测员注意力下降以及长时间疲劳的影响,以及检测经验不同而造成的检测质量不同的影响等[4]。另一方

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