寡聚多肽在药物递送系统中的应用
摘 要:化疗作为癌症治疗最为常用的手段之一,临床需求巨大,却很难得到理想的效果。主要原因是传统化疗毒副作用大,生物利用度低下以及缺乏特异性识别能力。寡肽是一种由2至20个氨基酸组成的肽,其在药物递送系统中表现出多种生物功能,例如自组装能力、细胞穿透和特异性靶向能力。寡肽由于其固有性质而获得广泛关注,但是缺乏体内转运行为研究是现阶段的最大问题和挑战。
关键词:寡肽;递送;刺激响应;功能性
AbstractChemotherapy is one of the most commonly used methods for cancer treatment. The clinical needs are huge, but it is difficult to obtain ideal results. The main reason of the result is the large number of side effects of traditional chemotherapy, low bioavailability and lack of specific recognition ability. Oligopeptide is a peptide composed of 2 to 20 amino acids that exhibits a variety of biological functions in drug delivery systems, such as specific targeting, cell penetrationand self-assembly ability. Oligopeptides have attracted wide attention because of their inherent properties, but the lack of in vivo translocation behavior research is the biggest problem and challenge at this stage.
Key wordsOligopeptides;Delivery; Stimulus Response; Functionality
在过去的几十年中,使用功能性生物材料来改善药物的药代动力学性质和生物分布特性一直是药物递送系统研究的主要焦点,其目的是实现肿瘤组织部位的靶向递送[1]。 目前,相当多的研究通过利用各种生物材料如磷脂[2]、聚合物[3]、多肽[4]等,在改善药物的固有特性方面取得了些许成就。然而一些潜在的问题,如低载药量和更高的功效和安全的需求,仍然需要解决。由于寡肽相关材料具有构架灵活性、合成多功能性和生物安全性等特点[5],已经引起药物研究人员的广泛关注[6]。
1 寡肽作为刺激响应的生物材料
1.1寡肽作为pH响应性生物材料
