霍尔式有功功率变送器的研究
摘要
随着社会的快速发展，电力在生活中的地位越来越不可或缺，电力设备故障及损坏带来的损失更是不可估量，而有功功率作为保持用电设备正常运行所需的电功率，其数值的检测与监控更是至关重要。霍尔变送器是基于霍尔效应的一种半导体变送器，具有结构简单、体积小、坚固、动态范围大、非接触等优点。因而为了更加精确的自动检测和显示功率，并在危险情况发生时具有自动保护功能和更高级的智能控制，研究并设计一款线性型霍尔功率变送器芯片具有重要理论意义及工程应用价值。本项目首先分析了霍尔有功功率变送器的原理。通过对霍尔元件电位差的计算，在经过滤波器、转换器后等到电流值，从而进行有功功率的计算，最终实现有功功率的测量。再用Altium Designer来绘制电路图实现了原理设计，最后用Multisim对数据进行仿真测试，最终制作得到了成品芯片。
关键字：霍尔元件；有功功率；变送器
Abstract
With the rapid development of society, the status of electricity in life is more and more indispensable, power equipment failure and damage caused by the loss is incalculable, and active power as the electrical power required to maintain the normal operation of electrical equipment, its numerical detection and monitoring is very important. Hall sensor is a kind of semiconductor sensor based on Hall effect, which has the advantages of simple structure, small size, firm, large dynamic range, non-contact, etc. Therefore, in order to more accurately detect and display power automatically, and in the case of dangerous situation with automatic protection function and more advanced intelligent control, research and design of a linear Hall power sensor chip has important theoretical significance and engineering application value. This project first analyzes the principle of Hall active power sensor. Through the calculation of the Hall element potential difference U_H, in the filter, the converter to wait until the current value, so as to calculate the active power, and finally realize the measurement of active power. Then Altium Designer was used to draw the circuit diagram to realize the principle design. Finally, Multisim was used to conduct simulation test on the data, and finally the finished chip was produced.
Key words: Hall element; Active power; The sensor
1研究的目的及意义
伴随着城市人口和建设规模的扩大，各种用电设备的增多，用电量越来越大，城市的供电设备经常超负荷运转，用电环境变得越来越恶劣，对电源的“考验”越来越严重。据统计，每天，用电设备都要遭受120次左右各种的电源问题的侵扰，电子设备故障的60%来自电源。因此，电源问题的重要性日益凸显出来。由此，资金投入较少的电源越来越受到厂商和研究人员的重视，电源技术遂发展成为一门崭新的技术。实际需求直接推动电源技术不断发展和进步，为了自动检测和显示电流，并在过流、过压等危害情况发生时具有自动保护功能和更高级的智能控制，具有传感检测、传感采样、传感保护的电源技术渐成趋势，检测电流或电压的变送器便应运而生。
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