功率因数变送器研究文献综述
摘要
变送器(transmitter)是把传感器的输出信号转变为可被控制器识别的信号或将传感器输入的非电量转换成电信号同时放大以便供远方测量和控制的信号源的转换器。顾名思义，变送器含有“变”和“送”之意。所谓“变”，是指将各种从传感器来的物理量，转变为一种电信号。所谓“送”，是指将各种已变成的电信号，为了便于其他仪表或控制装置接收和传送，又一次通过电子线路，将传感器来的电信号，统一化。这种“变” “送”，就组成了现代最常用的变送器。变送器的种类很多，用在工控仪表上面的变送器主要有温度变送器、压力变送器、流量变送器、电流变送器、电压变送器等等。功率因数变送器功率因数变送器可将一负载的交流电流和电压之间的功率因数，转换成按线性比例输出的直流电流或电压。配以相应的指示仪表或装置，可供电力系统或其它工业部门使用。使用电路的形式得到功率因数的变送，应用以电流互感器、电压互感器、比较器、滤波器、霍尔元件、移相器之间的相互作用来得到功率因数变送的信号。最后通过仿真得到4~20mA的功率因数变送信号。
关键词：功率因数变送器、霍尔元件、滤波
abstract
Transmitter is a kind of converter that converts the output signal of sensor into the signal that can be recognized by the controller, or converts the non electric quantity input by sensor into electrical signal and amplifies it at the same time for remote measurement and control. It contains the meaning of 'send' and 'send'. The so-called 'change' refers to the transformation of various physical quantities from sensors into an electrical signal. The so-called 'sending' refers to unifying the electrical signals from sensors again through electronic circuits in order to facilitate the reception and transmission of various converted electrical signals by other instruments or control devices. This 'change' 'send' constitutes the most commonly used transmitter in modern times. There are many kinds of transmitters. The transmitters used in industrial control instruments mainly include temperature transmitter, pressure transmitter, flow transmitter, current transmitter, voltage transmitter and so on.The power factor transmitter can convert the power factor between the AC current and voltage of a load into the DC current or voltage output in linear proportion. Equipped with corresponding indicating instruments or devices, it can be used by power system or other industrial departments. The power factor transmission is obtained by using the circuit. The power factor transmission signal is obtained by the interaction among current transformer, voltage transformer, comparator, filter, Hall element and phase shifter.Finally, 4 ~ 20mA power factor transmission signal is obtained by simulation.
Key words: power factor transmitter, Hall element, filter
1.研究背景及意义
随着电子技术，计算机技术和半导体技术的飞速发展，给电力系统测量也带来了巨大革命，提高电能测量技术，机械师功率表为智能型数字功率表以成为时代的要求。电力测量系统的智能型数字表通常是以单片机为核心，配置一定的外围电路和软件，能够实现多钟功能，在软件和硬件的设计中，系统的抗干扰性和系统的实时性与准确度成了解决数字表的管教在。而单片机所构成的表结构复杂，过载保护本身消耗功率大，并且容易受到外部磁场的影响。另外，在功率测量中，功率因数通常是在该电路的情况下，如果测试中遇到低功率，这时必须采用专门的低功率因数表。功率因数表是电工仪表中最常用的一种仪表，目前采用的是指针式电动功率表。而为了更为精确地显示测量结果，功率因数表的设计成为了必然。
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