Ⅰ/Ⅱ晶型纳米纤维素
增强聚乙烯醇复合材料的制备与性能研究
摘要
随着时代的发展，人们对生物可降解材料需求越来越多，对各类包装材料的要求也越来越高。因而各类新型材料也就成了近年来非常热门的研究课题。纳米纤维素和PVA本身都是很好的包装材料，并且都是无毒且具有生物可降解性，但是就其单独作为包装材料使用时，依然不能够很好的满足人们的需求。本研究利用玉米秸秆/玉米芯为原料，旨在利用这两种来源广泛的材料制备两种不同晶型的纤维素。通过酸碱溶液处理后，并通过XRD测试判别其晶型转化，从而制得 I晶型和II晶型纳米纤维。将所得不同晶型的溶液制成I晶型纳米纤维薄膜和II晶型纳米纤维薄膜，并取这两种不同晶型的纳米纤维溶液以不同的比例分别加入PVA溶液中，分别制作I晶型纳米纤维/PVA薄膜、II晶型纳米纤维/PVA薄膜、纯PVA薄膜。最后对纯PVA膜、I晶型纳米纤维素薄膜、II晶型纳米纤维素薄膜、I晶型纳米纤维素/PVA复合膜、II晶型纳米纤维素/PVA复合膜进行性能测试、力学性能测试、扫描电子显微镜测试（SEM）、静态热机械分析（TMA）、红外光谱分析等，比较分析各种薄膜的各项性能，以得出哪种薄膜的性能最佳。
关键词：纳米纤维素；酸碱处理；晶型转化；聚乙烯醇
ABSTRACT
With the development of the times, people are demanding more and more biodegradable materials, and the requirements for various packaging materials are getting higher and higher. Therefore, various new materials have become very popular research topics in recent years. Nanocellulose and PVA are both good packaging materials, and both are nontoxic and biodegradable, but when used alone as packaging materials, they still cannot meet peoplersquo;s needs well. This study uses corn stover/corncob as raw materials, and aims to prepare two different crystal types of cellulose from these two widely sourced materials. After being treated with acidbase solution, and by XRD test to determine the crystal form conversion, Cellulose Ⅰ crystalline Nanofibers and Cellulose Ⅱcrystalline Nanofibers are prepared. The obtained solutions of different crystal types are made into Cellulose Ⅰ crystalline Nanofibers film and Cellulose Ⅱcrystalline Nanofibers film and these two different crystal type nanofiber solutions are added to the PVA solution in different proportions to make I crystal type respectively Nanofiber/PVA film, II crystal nanofiber/PVA film, pure PVA film. Finally, the performance test and mechanical property test of pure PVA film,Cellulose Ⅰ crystalline Nanofibers film and Cellulose Ⅱcrystalline Nanofibers film,Cellulose Ⅰ crystalline Nanofibers/PVA composite film and Cellulose Ⅱcrystalline Nanofibers /PVA composite film are carried out. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), static thermomechanical analysis (TMA), infrared spectroscopy, etc., compare and analyze the various properties of various films to determine which film has the best performance.
Key words: nanocellulose; acidbase treatment; crystal transformation; polyvinyl alcohol
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