全文总字数：7045字
烷基化法生产乙苯的工艺设计
摘 要
乙苯的制备常见的方法有几种：气液相烷基化法（AlCl法）、分子筛气相法（Mobil-Badger法）、分子筛液相法（Lummus/UPO法）、Alkar气相法、催化蒸馏法。通过对几种工艺方法的对比，选择了气液相烷基化法生产乙苯。该法具有操作条件缓和，不需加压和耐高温设备，生产工艺成熟，生产安全，苯的乙烯配比少等优点。本文主要介绍了该反应的机理，从温度，压力，原料配比这几个因素分析它们对反应的影响，确定了制备粗乙苯的工艺流程，并对反应器进行物料衡算以及热量衡算，对重点设备例如烃化塔、苯蒸出塔、乙苯精馏塔进行了计算。还绘制了生产流程的工艺流程图、设备平面布置图及烃化塔装配图。
关键词：烷基化；乙苯；乙烯
Process design of ethylbenzene production by alkylation
ABSTRACT
There are several common methods for the preparation of ethylbenzene: gas-liquid alkylation molecular sieve gas-phase method , molecular sieve liquid-phase method , alkar gas-phase method and catalytic distillation method. Through the necessary selection of several process methods, the gas-liquid phase alkylation method was selected to produce ethylbenzene. This method has the advantages of mild operation conditions, no need of pressure and high temperature resistant equipment, mature production process, safe production and less ethylene ratio of benzene. This paper mainly introduces the mechanism of the reaction, analyzes their influence on the reaction from the factors of temperature, pressure and raw material ratio, determines the technological process of preparing crude ethylbenzene, calculates the material balance and heat balance of the reactor, and calculates the key equipment such as alkylation tower, benzene distillation tower and ethylbenzene distillation tower. In addition, the process flow chart, equipment layout plan and alkylation tower assembly diagram of the production process are drawn.
Key words： Alkylation; ethylbenzene; ethylene
