英文版《中国政府工作报告》词块功能特征研究文献综述

 2022-01-04 08:01

全文总字数：10881字

文献综述

Introduction1.1 Background of the research Over the past 40 years, China has implemented the reform and opening-up policies and made remarkable achievements. During the "Two Sessions", the premier of the People's Republic of China will release the Report on the Work of Chinese Government (RWG) at the National People's Congress (NPC). As a typical political discourse, the RWG not only summarizes the work and achievements of the government in the past year, but also formulates various plans for the work in the next year. It covers the political revolution, economy situation, cultural development and other fields, reflecting the great changes of Chinese society, and plays an important role in the development of society.With the improvement of China's comprehensive national strength, more and more countries want to know all aspects of China. As a typical political discourse, the RWG presents comprehensive contents to the outside world with an open attitude. The translation of the RWG will help the world to understand the political system with Chinese characteristics. Therefore, it plays an important diplomatic role in raising China's international status and promoting international cooperation. Whether China's voice can be heard by the rest of the world depends on communication, and accurate communication largely depends on translation. In a word, the translation and study of the RWG are of great significance.At present, most of the studies on the RWG are based on certain translation theories, and the research on the English version has made a lot of achievements, but it is still far from enough due to the lack of sufficient statistical analysis support. With the development of corpus linguistics, there are more and more researches on the Lexical Chunks (LC) of RWG.1.2 Purposes of the researchThis thesis takes Biber's functional classification as the theoretical framework. With the help of AntConc3.4.4, the purpose of the study is to select the 2015-2020 English version of the RWG as the corpus and construct the corpora, extract the four-character lexical chunks from the corpora for functional analysis, and explore the lexical features of the chunks, so as to provide some ideas for the translation research of political texts.1.3 Organization of the researchThis thesis could be divided into five parts. The first chapter served as the general introduction, in which research background, research purposes and the organization of the research were stated. Chapter two was an overview of the literature, including the definitions of lexical chunks, functional classifications of lexical chunks, relevant theory and empirical studies. In chapter three, methodology was adopted in this research, including research questions, research corpus, extraction of chunks, classification of chunks and analysis of data. Chapter four reported the key findings based on the analysis of the research data and a detailed discussion of the major findings. This thesis ended with the summary of the major findings, the theoretical and implications, and limitations and suggestions for the future research in Chapter Five.2. Literature ReviewAs a basic feature of language, lexical chunks are fixed combinations of cooccurrence words with high frequency and wide text distribution, which can be used as prefabricated chunks for learners directly or after slightly modified. Therefore, more and more scholars at home and abroad pay attention to lexical chunks, and have done a lot of research and in-depth exploration. However, the analysis of specific texts is relatively lacking, especially the study of chunks in the English version of the RWG. In this paper literature is reviewed in three parts, the first part introduces the theory and achievements in the field of lexical chunk research at abroad, the second part introduces the previous studies on lexical chunks at home, and the third part introduces the gaps of the past research and the problems this thesis will discuss with the help of previous research..2.1 Theoretical and empirical foundation2.1.1 Previous studies on lexical chunks at abroadThere are more than 50 terms for the definition of lexical chunks, such as lexical sentence stem, multiword unit, prefabricated pattern, formulaic sequence, collocation, lexical bundle and so on (Wray 2002:9). The reason why a large number of terms appear in the same object is due to the difference of research methods and schools of research. The definitions of lexical chunks are varied and their classifications are obviously different. In general, the main categories fall into two directions: structure and function. Language not only generates the literary meaning, but also functions vitally in the context. Speaking a language means conversing in it, and comprehending a language means understanding phrases, not as isolated bits of grammatical structure, but as part of the general ebb and flow of the surrounding discourse (Narringer expressions focusing on the interaction of individuals and the world(e.g., go down the drain); expressions focusing on individuals(e.g., lend someone a helping hand); expressions focusing on the world(e.g., take up arms for something). Moon divides lexical chunks into five categories in 1998:informational function involves lexical chunks that can show proposition and convey information (e.g., by way of); evaluation function means that lexical chunks can be used to express speakers' evaluation and attitude(e.g., it is very important); situational functions involves lexical chunks related to extra-linguistic context and respond to situations(e.g., excuse me); moralizing function conveys truth values as request, advice and so on(e.g., as we all know); organizational function involves lexical chunks signaling discourse structure and organizing text(e.g., in addition) (Yu Miao, 2013). Based on the corpus of classroom discourse, teaching material, everyday conversation and academic discourse, Biber et al.(2004) divides the lexical chunks into four types: position lexical chunks, discourse lexical chunks, demonstrative lexical chunks and conversational lexical chunks by textual and pragmatic functions. Position lexical chunks express attitudes such as desire, responsibility, instruction, intention, ability, etc., such as be able to, I don't know, etc., which can be divided into cognitive position and attitude modal position. Dissertation lexical chunks express topic introduction, focus, elaboration, explanation, etc., used to establish context relations, such as (on) the other hand, as well as, etc., can be divided into topic introduction (focusing) and topic elaboration (illustration); Directive lexical chunks directly involve entities or abstracts and express recognition, ambiguity, attribute, space-time, textual indication, etc. They can be divided into three subcategories: recognition (focusing), attribute specification, and space-time (textual indication), such as in the world, in the past. Conversational chunks refer to those multi-word units used in conversation to express politeness, inquiry and statement, such as thank you very much, I said to him, etc (Biber et al. 2004).2.1.2 Previous studies on lexical chunks at homeThe research on lexical chunks in China began at the beginning of the 21st century, which mainly focuses on two aspects: the introduction of foreign theories on lexical chunks, and the empirical and practical research on lexical chunks. More and more researchers have carried out corpus-based lexical chunk research and achieved fruitful results. The study of lexical chunks in second language acquisition (SLA) has always been the focus of domestic scholars. Many scholars are keen to study the acquisition of lexical chunks through the analysis of relevant corpora. Some studies have revealed the relationship between lexical chunks and language abilities such as listening, speaking, reading, writing and translating, or emphasized the important role of lexical chunks in second language acquisition and other related aspects. Besides, some researchers have explored the method and meaning of using lexical chunks. Xu et al (2010) published a practical corpus tutorial on the use of lexical chunks, which includes relevant theories, methods and teaching examples, and provides precise guidance for future research. Zhan(2011) discusses tools and methods for extracting lexical chunks from a corpus. The searching technology of lexical chunks began with continuous and fixed lexical chunks and now discontinuous and variable lexical chunks can be extracted. There are more and more researches on the RWG as well. Based on the corpus, Di and Yang(2010) studied the work reports of the Chinese government from 1978 to 2010, revealing the relationship between language use and social development. Qiu(2012) built a self-constructed corpus to compare RWG and SUA, aiming to provide some suggestions for translation teaching.2.2 SummaryThis chapter reviews the theories of lexical chunks and the previous studies at home and abroad. Although remarkable achievements have been made in the study of lexical chunks at home and abroad, there are still some unsolved problems. Researchers have different research objectives, so they have different classification methods for lexical chunks, and there is no unified principle or comprehensive explanation for the study of lexical chunks. Obviously, the study of lexical chunks in China is much later than that abroad. Both at home and abroad, researchers focus on L2 acquisition, textual corpus linguistics and cognitive linguistics, which lack sufficient support. At the same time, the analysis of specific text is relatively deficient. The research on the RWG is more concentrated in China. It can be seen that the research on the RWG is insufficient, and there is still a lot of room for digging and research. Therefore, on the basis of previous studies, a more detailed study of specific texts or styles is needed. The main purpose of the study was to answer the following questions:1. What are the typical four-word lexical chunks in the RWG and how to classify these lexical chunks according to their different functional features?2. What are the implications of this study for the translation of political texts? ReferencesAdel, A. 基于语料库的对比研究， 《外语研究》 ，（4）：58-62。

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