日本园林置石造石及布局研究初探
摘要：石景作为构成园林的重要元素之一，对整个园林的艺术表现和意境创造都有着举足轻重的作用。日本从古至今就有“无石不成园”的说法。山石在日本园林中属于十分重要的造园要素，山石造景在日本古今园林中也同时占有非常重要的地位。日本的造园工匠们在长期的造园实践过程中创造了日本独有的以“枯山水”为代表的园林风格，其筑山理水置石的艺术手法和表现效果也达到了较高的水平。日本园林的景观置石造石和用石的文化和设计传统为我们的景观设计提供了丰富又充实的园林景观理论基础，其中有许多优秀的日本景观园林的特殊的置石造石的方式以及用石的布局和技巧都值得我们认真学习和借鉴。本文运用文献分析等方法，梳理日本园林景观历史和发展历程，来进一步剖析景观用石和布局，从而更深一层次分析日本传统美学和公众精神的寄托和情怀的释放。
关键词：日本园林；园林置石；用石文化；园林布局；园林美学
A Preliminary Study on Stone Arrangement and Layout in Japanese Gardens
ABSTRACT
Stonescape, as one of the important elements that constitute the garden, plays an important role in the artistic expression and artistic creation of the entire garden. From ancient times to today, there has been a saying that 'there is no garden without stones'. Mountain stone is a very important element of gardening in Japanese gardens. Mountain stone landscaping also plays a very important role in Japanese ancient and modern gardens. Japanese gardeners have created a unique Japanese garden style represented by 'dry landscape' in the long-term gardening practice, and their artistic methods and performance effects of building stones and arranging water have reached a high level. The culture and design tradition of setting stones and using stones in Japanese gardens provides a rich and substantial theoretical basis for landscape design in our landscape design. There are many excellent ways of setting stones and using stones in Japanese landscape gardens. The layout and skills are worth our serious study and reference. This paper uses literature analysis and other methods to sort out the history and development of Japanese garden landscapes to further analyze the landscape stones and layout, so as to further analyze the Japanese traditional aesthetics and the public spirit#39;s sustenance and emotional release.
Key words：Japanese garden; garden setting stone; stone culture; garden layout; garden aesthetics
1 引言
石景在不相同的园林景观体系中起着至关重要的地位和作用，日本园林则是受到中国古代“仁者乐山、智者乐水”的儒家、道家思想以及，石景和中国园林有着大同小异的置石方式和特点
