城市生境类型和群落结构与鸟类多样性关系研究进展
摘要：随着科学技术与经济的高速发展，城市化程度越来越高，在获得一定的经济效益的同时，带来许多环境问题，破坏城市生态平衡，城市生物多样性降低。因城市生境、植被群落结构、城市用地、人为干扰等多重因素影响，城市鸟类多样性受到极大威胁。本文重点介绍了城市鸟类多样性程度与城市生境类型、植物群落结构的影响关系，以鸟类为作为城市环境质量的重要指示物种，衡量城市不同生境及植物群落结构对于鸟类的种类、数量以及地域分布的动态变化之间的关系，为城市环境监测、环境质量状况调查评价提供依据，从而为城市生物多样性保护及城市生态环境规划与管理工作创造条件。
关键字：城市鸟类；鸟类多样性；城市生境类型；植物群落结构
A Review of Studies on Urban Habitat Types
and Community Structures Affecting Biodiversity of Urban Birds
Abstract: With the rapid development of science, technology and economy, the degree of urbanization is getting higher and higher. It brings both economic benefits and environmental problems, disrupting the urban ecological balance, reducing urban biodiversity. On account of multiple factors such as urban habitat, vegetation community structure, urban land use, and human disturbance, urban bird diversity is greatly threatened. The present paper mainly introduced the relationship between urban bird diversity and urban habitat types and the structure of plant community, and taking birds as an important indicator of urban environmental quality to measure the relationship between the different habitats and plant community structures of urban species, and the dynamic changes in bird species, numbers, regional distribution. Based on the results, we can provide more evidence for urban environmental monitoring and environmental quality assessment, in order to create conditions for urban biodiversity protection and urban ecological environment planning and management.
Keywords: Urban birds; bird diversity; Urban Habitat Types; Community Structures
近年来，随着科学技术的高速发展和经济的快速增长，我国工业化程度越来越高，城市化进程越来越快，在获得一定量可观的社会效益和经济效益的同时，也不可避免地引发了全国范围内的环境危机，例如以PM2.5为代表的大气环境污染、水资源污染、水资源短缺、固体废物有害废弃物污染等，严重危害着城市宜居环境内的生态环境健康和人民的生活环境及条件。为使城市生态环境质量状况得到改善，全面贯彻可持续发展的科学发展观要求，以及合理配置环境资源，对城市不同功能分区、不同生境内的环境规划与管理显得尤其重要。
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