木粉/不饱和聚酯树脂复合材料水热老化性能研究
摘要
将各自采用红外光谱分析、扫描电子显微镜、吸湿称重法、静态力学性能测试、极化曲线等手段研究了木粉/不饱和树脂复合材料在不同的介质条件下的吸湿特性，结构变化及老化失效的行为。(1)研究了木粉/不饱和树脂在不同介质下的吸湿率，比较了它的吸湿特性。结果表明了，在蒸馏水、NaCl溶液和 H2SO4 溶液中，木粉/不饱和树脂的吸湿基本符合了菲克第二定律；而在NaOH溶液中的吸湿却是不符合；另外，升高温度可以加快水在不饱和树脂中的扩散速度。对介质老化材料进行外了光谱分析。结果表明，不饱和树脂基体在 NaOH 中发生了不可逆的分解反应，材料化学腐蚀非常剧烈。在H2SO4 发生可逆反应，腐蚀状况弱于NaOH。材料腐蚀后结构遭到损坏，这是造成吸湿严重的原因中的一项，从而对力学性能造成了一些影响。(2)分别采用吸湿率测定方法和电化学阻抗谱(EIS)测定方法研究了水在材料中扩散行为，并结合表面形貌观察以及红外光谱分析等手段研究了不饱和聚酯树脂在湿热环境中的稳定性。结果表明，不饱和聚酯树脂在浸泡初期的 M-t~(1/2)和log C-t~(1/2)曲线均呈线性关系，结果揭示了用电化学阻抗谱(EIS)测试方法来求解得到的水在不饱和聚酯树脂中的表观扩散系数值与吸湿率测定方法得出的值基本一致；EIS的电阻值和特征频率值的变化能够应用在不饱和聚酯树脂湿热稳定性的快速评价；表面形貌观察和红外光谱分析表明不饱和聚酯树脂在45℃蒸馏水及5%NaCl溶液中中浸泡后其表面及内部均产生了裂纹并且出现碎裂的现象，在蒸馏水中破坏较5%Nacl 溶液中严重，树脂结构的破坏基本以物理破坏为主，树脂的水解反应次其之。
关键词 木粉 不饱和聚酯树脂 复合材料 水热老化性能
Study on the hydrothermal aging properties of wood powder/unsaturated polyester resin
ABSTRACT
The hygroscopic properties, structural changes and aging failure behaviors of wood powder/unsaturated resin composites under different media conditions were studied respectively by means of infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, hygroscopic weighing, static mechanical property test and polarization curve.(1) the hygroscopicity of wood powder/unsaturated resin under different media was studied and its hygroscopicity was compared. The results showed that the hygroscopicity of wood powder/unsaturated resin in distilled water, NaCl solution and H2SO4 solution basically conforms to fick#39;s second law. The hygroscopicity in the NaOH solution is not； In addition, increasing the temperature can accelerate the diffusion rate of water in unsaturated resin.The external spectrum analysis of medium aging materials was carried out. The results showed that the unsaturated resin matrix had irreversible decomposition reaction in NaOH, and the chemical corrosion was very severe. The reversible reaction occurred in H2SO4, and the corrosion was weaker than NaOH. Damage to the structure after corrosion is one of the major causes of hygroscopicity, which has some effect on mechanical properties.(2) moisture absorption rate and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were used to study the diffusion behavior of water in materials, and the stability of unsaturated polyester resin in humid and thermal environment was studied by combining surface morphology observation and infrared spectroscopy. The results showed that the curves of m-t ~(1/2) and log c-t ~(1/2) of unsaturated polyester resin at the beginning of soaking showed a linear relationship. The results revealed that the apparent diffusion coefficient of water in unsaturated polyester resin obtained by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) testing method was basically the same as that obtained by the moisture absorption rate measurement method.EIS resistance value and characteristic frequency value changes can be applied to the rapid evaluation of thermal stability of unsaturated polyester resin； Surface morphology observation and infrared spectrum analysis shows that the unsaturated polyester resin in 45 ℃ in distilled water and 5% NaCl solution after soaking in the surface and internal cracks are produced and appear rupture phenomenon, in the distilled water damage is serious in 5% NaCl solution, the destruction of the resin structure basically is given priority to with physical damage, hydrolysis reaction time of the resin.
Key words：Wood powder Unsaturated polyester resin Composite materials Hydrothermal aging properties
1.1木粉/不饱和聚酯树脂基复合材料的特点及应用
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